meta analysis
Alcohol Intake and Health Study: No Protective Effect at Low Levels, With Mortality Increasing to 1 in 25 at 14 Drinks Per Week
Systematic review of 7,200+ studies plus lifetime-risk modeling of national health datasets finding no protective effect of alcohol even at low intake; mortality risk rises with consumption, reaching roughly 1 in 25 around 14 drinks/week, driven by cancer, cardiovascular and liver disease.
Limitations: Assesses alcohol broadly rather than red wine specifically; lifetime-risk modeling synthesizing observational epidemiology.
